Question

[122]. Read the following passage carefully and answer the question.

Passage: The human immune system is an army without a single general. Skin and mucous membranes form the first wall, stopping most invaders before they enter. If a germ passes that wall, white blood cells attack it, and some of them remember the invader so that a second attack is met faster and more strongly. This memory is the principle behind vaccination: a weakened or harmless form of a germ trains the system without causing the full disease. The system must also learn restraint. When it attacks the body's own tissues, or overreacts to harmless dust and pollen, the result is allergy or autoimmune disease. Health, then, is not merely the absence of germs; it is a trained balance between attack and tolerance.

What is the main idea of the passage?

1.
A public library is a shared free space that preserves memory and builds critical judgement in readers.
2.
Careful observation of an unexpected result led to penicillin, later purified into a life-saving medicine.
3.
Coral reefs are fragile, biodiverse ecosystems that shelter marine life and protect coasts from waves.
4.
Immunity depends on layered defence, memory of invaders, and a balance between attack and tolerance.
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : Immunity depends on layered defence, memory of invaders, and a balance between attack and tolerance.

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Detailed Solution

सही उत्तर Immunity depends on layered defence, memory of invaders, and a balance between attack and tolerance. है।

Key Points

The passage centres on: Immunity depends on layered defence, memory of invaders, and a balance between attack and tolerance.

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Question:

[122]. Read the following passage carefully and answer the question.

Passage: The human immune system is an army without a single general. Skin and mucous membranes form the first wall, stopping most invaders before they enter. If a germ passes that wall, white blood cells attack it, and some of them remember the invader so that a second attack is met faster and more strongly. This memory is the principle behind vaccination: a weakened or harmless form of a germ trains the system without causing the full disease. The system must also learn restraint. When it attacks the body's own tissues, or overreacts to harmless dust and pollen, the result is allergy or autoimmune disease. Health, then, is not merely the absence of germs; it is a trained balance between attack and tolerance.

What is the main idea of the passage?

1.
A public library is a shared free space that preserves memory and builds critical judgement in readers.
2.
Careful observation of an unexpected result led to penicillin, later purified into a life-saving medicine.
3.
Coral reefs are fragile, biodiverse ecosystems that shelter marine life and protect coasts from waves.
4.
Immunity depends on layered defence, memory of invaders, and a balance between attack and tolerance.

Correct Answer: Immunity depends on layered defence, memory of invaders, and a balance between attack and tolerance.

The passage centres on: Immunity depends on layered defence, memory of invaders, and a balance between attack and tolerance.

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