Question

[120]. Passage: Ancient trade routes carried more than goods: along them travelled scripts, religions, crop varieties, and techniques of metalwork and navigation. A port that imported glass might export cotton, while a caravan town became a centre for translation and astronomy. Such exchange was rarely equal; powerful states taxed routes, monopolised ports, and used knowledge as leverage. Studying routes therefore reveals both connection and competition. The legacy survives in loanwords, shared dishes, and architectural motifs that still mark towns once situated on a busy road or harbour. The word 'monopolised' in the passage most nearly means:

1.
a decorative addition with no practical function.
2.
a legal punishment imposed by a court.
3.
a sudden event that has no lasting effect.
4.
controlled a trade or resource so that others could not compete
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : controlled a trade or resource so that others could not compete

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Detailed Solution

सही उत्तर controlled a trade or resource so that others could not compete है।

Key Points

In context the word carries the meaning in the correct option.

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Question:

[120]. Passage: Ancient trade routes carried more than goods: along them travelled scripts, religions, crop varieties, and techniques of metalwork and navigation. A port that imported glass might export cotton, while a caravan town became a centre for translation and astronomy. Such exchange was rarely equal; powerful states taxed routes, monopolised ports, and used knowledge as leverage. Studying routes therefore reveals both connection and competition. The legacy survives in loanwords, shared dishes, and architectural motifs that still mark towns once situated on a busy road or harbour. The word 'monopolised' in the passage most nearly means:

1.
a decorative addition with no practical function.
2.
a legal punishment imposed by a court.
3.
a sudden event that has no lasting effect.
4.
controlled a trade or resource so that others could not compete

Correct Answer: controlled a trade or resource so that others could not compete

In context the word carries the meaning in the correct option.

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