Question

[3]. Passage: A river in a city is often treated as a drain, yet its revival changes far more than water quality. When banks are reclaimed from encroachment, floodplains regain room to absorb monsoon surges, groundwater recharges, and birds return to reed beds that had vanished. Restoration fails when it is reduced to beautification: concrete embankments and ornamental lawns may look tidy but they destroy the shallow edges where fish breed and where floodwater spreads safely. Successful projects therefore protect the river's natural gradient, reconnect old channels, involve riverside communities in monitoring, and judge success by ecological indicators rather than by photographs of a promenade. In the passage, the word 'encroachment' most nearly means:

1.
a decorative feature added only to improve appearance.
2.
unlawful or gradual occupation of land that belongs to a river or public space
3.
a legal document that grants permanent ownership to one party.
4.
a sudden and violent change that destroys all earlier order.
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 2 : unlawful or gradual occupation of land that belongs to a river or public space

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Detailed Solution

सही उत्तर unlawful or gradual occupation of land that belongs to a river or public space है।

Key Points

In context the word is used in the sense given in the correct option; the distractors fit other contexts, not this passage.

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Question:

[3]. Passage: A river in a city is often treated as a drain, yet its revival changes far more than water quality. When banks are reclaimed from encroachment, floodplains regain room to absorb monsoon surges, groundwater recharges, and birds return to reed beds that had vanished. Restoration fails when it is reduced to beautification: concrete embankments and ornamental lawns may look tidy but they destroy the shallow edges where fish breed and where floodwater spreads safely. Successful projects therefore protect the river's natural gradient, reconnect old channels, involve riverside communities in monitoring, and judge success by ecological indicators rather than by photographs of a promenade. In the passage, the word 'encroachment' most nearly means:

1.
a decorative feature added only to improve appearance.
2.
unlawful or gradual occupation of land that belongs to a river or public space
3.
a legal document that grants permanent ownership to one party.
4.
a sudden and violent change that destroys all earlier order.

Correct Answer: unlawful or gradual occupation of land that belongs to a river or public space

In context the word is used in the sense given in the correct option; the distractors fit other contexts, not this passage.

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